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today i had the same topic

As a result of the growing use and development of modern technology, human labor is replaceable by machines. This replaceability benefits businesses from a financial and safety standpoint, while the drawbacks are a heavy reliance on electricity and heightened unemployment levels.

Robots and machines can truly be less costly compared to human labor in the long run. Indeed, in contrast to the latter, the former do not need sick leaves, training sessions or days off but only timely maintenance and strict guidelines. Despite sometimes exorbitant upfront costs, machines can help reduce operational costs, allowing stakeholders earn more profits or re-invest into production, marketing or similar apsects of their business. Equally important is that, unlike human workers, machines do not raise concerns over safety, and even they malfunction, no human life is in danger. Such a safe environment is instrumental in ensuring companies do not spend millions of dollars on insurance and lawsuits.

As for the negatives, one of them is the over-reliance on electricity. Machines require an uninterrupted supply of electric energy without which they will inevitably shut down, thereby halting production. Although electric generators may be of help in such cases, their dependence on fuel is indeed financially taxing, not to mention that they are only a temporary solution. On a societal level, the increasing use of machines may ultimately displace many workers out of their jobs, which will leave them without a means of making ends meet. In today’s world where joblessness is becoming ever more prevalent, such job displacement may exacerbate the already existing socio-economic issues such as poverty.

In conclusion, the ability of machines to replace human workers can be financially beneficial, in addition to the fact that such non-human workers can also create a safe environment. The downsides of this shift, however, are a disporportionate dependence on electricity and higher unemployment rates.

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#task2

New scientist
2026, October 10, weekly.

#article

Some people think that climate change could have a negative effect on business. Other people think that climate change could create more business opportunities.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Climate change exerts different effects on business, with some assuming that these are largely deleterious. In contrast, others claim such a global issue is beneficial for businesses, since it offers more economic opportunities. From my perspective, the benefits of climate change outweigh its drawbacks.

It is true that some businesses will be inevitably jeopardized as global warming evolves at an unprecedented rate. The chief among the jeopardized are agricultural companies, ones that largely depend on the use of land and can produce fruit and vegetables mostly under favorable weather circumstances. Yet given how unpredictable weather patterns are becoming today, coupled with other, no less important, issues such as soil erosion, deforestation and overgrazing, many farms are leaving the business. Admittedly, only few are transitioning to innovative agricultural practices, like vertical farming, but if this outflow continues to rise, not only food supplies might be disrupted; short-term food shortages might also be caused.

I, meanwhile, support those defending the beneficial aspects of climate change who may cite innovations as the main argument. According to this view, as a result of unstable weather patterns, manufacturers of air conditioning systems and indoor farming equipment, for example, have seen signficiant growth in sales, thereby multiplying their profits. The adoption of innovative farming techniques has also been a change for the better for small-scale farmers because of more regular harvests and reduced operational costs while, unlike before, growing crops in small trays or containers. Indeed, it is these positives that have had a sweeping effect on the business landscape over the recent decades, helping businesses become more flexible and thus more profitable.

In conclusion, it should be acknowledged that climate change may affect adversely businesses, including agricultural companies. My firm conviction is that supporters of the advantages of such a global problem put forward more compelling arguments - namely, increased flexibility and innovations.

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#task2

Look at how grammatically flexible the report is:

• Remaining...., the USA
• ...New Zealand..., following....
• Of the...., with its figure climbing....
• The UK, recording....., stood....

The same participle clause BUT in different forms and places.

❤️

The table compares how many people took part in one survey related to wildlife in Britain from 2001 to 2009, at 2-year intervals, categorized into adults and children.

Overall, regardless of category, participant numbers rose significantly over the period, despite slight drops. Notably, adults had been by far the largest participant group until they witnessed a notable decrease at the end. This was in sharp contrast to children who, while in a minority from 2001 to 2007, experienced rapid growth at the end. It was also only then that the gap between these groups was closed.

The overall number of survey respondents jumped more than sevenfold from 48,000 in 2001 to 364,000 in 2005, after which there was a negligible drop of 2,000. By 2009, there had been a considerable increase to 540,000, thus marking a more than eleven-fold rise over the 8-year timeline.

Of these participants, three times more adults (36,000) than children (12,000) participated in the survey in 2001 - a pronounced gap of 24,000. Whereas the figure for the former soared to 331,000 during the ensuing 6 years, that for the latter initially tripled in 2003, decreasing to 31,000 by 2007. In 2009, after a significant drop in the number of adult respondents and a manyfold increase in that of the younger ones, both groups stood on par at 270,000.


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#task1