Телеграм канал «Политическая теория и философия (Political theory and philosophy)»

Свобода не дар, но завоевание

Отрывок из книги Густаво Гутьерреса «Теология освобождения»

Перуанский философ и богослов Густаво Гутьеррес — основатель латиноамериканской теологии освобождения, радикально левого направления католической мысли, возникшего во второй половине XX века. На днях издательство «Директмедиа Паблишинг» выпустило полный русский перевод его главной книги «Теология освобождения»: публикуем фрагмент о том, почему вместо «развития» бедных стран, согласно Гутьерресу, следует говорить об освобождении, социальной революции и способности человека самостоятельно творить свою историю.

https://gorky.media/fragments/svoboda-ne-dar-no-zavoevanie

Lorenza Antonucci - Insecurity Politics: How Unstable Lives Lead to Populist Support

In Insecurity Politics, Lorenza Antonucci examines the lived, everyday experiences that underpin political disaffection. Countering the reductive portrayals of populist voters as left-behind outsiders, Antonucci focuses on the ordinary, yet increasingly precarious, realities of work and financial instability as key to understanding the surge in populist support in both right- and left-wing politics. Drawing on robust comparative quantitative and qualitative analyses across nine European countries, Insecurity Politics describes the microlevel material and cultural dynamics that drive anti-establishment politics. It finds that dissatisfaction with work and a growing sense of financial insecurity fuel populist sentiments.

Antonucci maps the evolving landscape of insecurity in contemporary Europe, tracing its roots to structural transformations of welfare states and deep-seated cultural shifts. Proposing an original framework that combines cultural and economic explanations, the book shows how economic, social, and political factors shape receptivity to anti-establishment politics. Moving beyond conventional wisdom that attributes today’s populism to cultural backlash or globalization, Antonucci addresses a critical blind spot in current research. But Insecurity Politics offers more than a mere diagnosis; it also argues that a nuanced understanding of populist attitudes could inform a renewed political agenda one more attuned to the complex realities of people’s lives.

Alexander Cooley, Alexander Dukalskis - Dictating the Agenda: The Authoritarian Resurgence in World Politics

Following the end of the Cold War, the world experienced a remarkable wave of democratization. Over the next two decades, numerous authoritarian regimes transitioned to democracies, and it seemed that authoritarianism as a political model was fading. But as recent events have shown, things have clearly changed.

In Dictating the Agenda, authors Alexander Cooley and Alexander Dukalskis reveal how today's authoritarian states are actively countering liberal ideas and advocacy surrounding human rights and democracy across various global governance domains. The transformed global context has unlocked for authoritarian states the possibility to contend with Western liberal soft power in new, traditionally "non-political" ways, including by plugging or even reversing the very channels of influence that originally spread liberalism. Cooley and Dukalskis ultimately advance a theory of authoritarian snapback, the process in which non-democratic states limit the transnational resonance of liberal ideas at home and advance anti-liberal norms and ideas into the global public sphere.

Drawing from a range of evidence, including field work interviews and comparative case studies that demonstrate the changing nature of consumer boycotts, a database of authoritarian government administrative actions against foreign journalists, a database of global content-sharing agreement involving Chinese and Russian state media, and a database of transnational higher education partnerships involving authoritarian and democratic countries, this book doesn't just reveal the limits of the liberal influence taken for granted across the world. It offers a novel theory of how authoritarian governments figured out how to exploit and repurpose the same actors, tools, and norms that once exclusively promoted and sustained US-backed liberalism.

Экзистенциализм — это коммунизм

Фрагмент книги Дмитрия Цыганова «Жан-Поль Сартр и СССР»

Труды Сартра в послевоенном СССР не были известны широкой публике, но советская пропаганда внимательно следила за творческой и интеллектуальной карьерой французского философа и писателя, чтобы, с одной стороны, ниспровергать его «идеалистический и реакционный» экзистенциализм, а с другой, превозносить его резкие антиамериканские высказывания и благосклонно отмечать его сближение с коммунистически ориентированными кругами левых мыслителей на Западе. Читайте об этом в отрывке из книги Дмитрия Цыганова «Жан-Поль Сартр и СССР».

https://gorky.media/fragments/ekzistentsializm-eto-kommunizm