⚖️ ESMA sets criteria for "genuinely decentralized" DeFi
Europe's securities regulator ESMA has moved to define what qualifies as "genuinely decentralized" under EU crypto rules — a key distinction that determines whether DeFi protocols fall under MiCA's regulatory scope.
The development comes as tokenized securities are projected to grow 79x, reaching $349 billion over the next four years, amplifying the urgency for regulators to draw clear lines between decentralized and centralized crypto infrastructure.
ESMA's definition is expected to shape how DeFi protocols structure governance and operations to remain outside — or comply with — EU regulatory requirements.
Citigroup has lifted its 12-month Bitcoin price target to $113,000, citing a resumption of ETF inflows as a key driver behind the revision.
The bank also raised its 12-month Ethereum target from $2,240 to $3,028. Both upgrades reflect Citi's view that renewed institutional demand, channeled through spot ETF products, is supporting the outlook for the two largest crypto assets by market cap.
Brazilian market infrastructure operator CSD BR has announced a first phase that mirrors ownership data for selected BTG Pactual funds on the public XRP Ledger. The entries use the network’s Multi-Purpose Token standard and are intended as a secondary, publicly verifiable record. CSD BR’s own database remains legally authoritative for registration, custody and settlement, with controls to approve holders and freeze or reverse assets when required. The project reportedly uses live fund records, although it has not been independently confirmed that specific entries were already written on-chain by September 30. CSD BR oversees more than BRL 22 trillion in registered assets. Direct blockchain…
⚖️ EU regulators scrutinize Binance over MiCA exemption use
Binance is facing regulatory scrutiny in Europe over its use of MiCA's "reverse solicitation" exemption to continue serving EU customers without a full MiCA license, according to a Financial Times report dated October 1.
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) is among the authorities examining whether Binance is legitimately relying on the exemption — which allows unlicensed firms to serve clients who approach them on their own initiative — or using it as a workaround to operate across the bloc without authorization. Binance entered July without approval to operate under MiCA, the EU's comprehensive crypto regulatory framework.
If found non-compliant, Binance could face enforcement actions from European regulators. The world's largest crypto exchange has been navigating a series of regulatory challenges across multiple jurisdictions as MiCA implementation tightens oversight of crypto service providers in the EU.
📊 Crypto shorts squeezed as liquidation imbalance hits 2,633%
Bitcoin, Ether, and XRP shorts are being aggressively unwound, with liquidation data showing a 2,633% imbalance between short and long liquidations — a signal of a sustained short squeeze across major crypto assets.
The move comes despite sticky US inflation and 10-year Treasury yields at 5.2%, conditions that have historically pressured risk assets. BTC, ETH, and XRP have shrugged off the macro headwinds, forcing leveraged short positions into liquidation.
Elevated Treasury yields typically draw capital away from risk assets, making the resilience of crypto notable. The scale of the liquidation imbalance suggests significant crowded short positioning had built up ahead of the move.
💰 Armada Shareholders Vote on XRP Treasury Merger Sept. 30
Armada Acquisition Corp. II shareholders are set to vote on September 30 on a proposed merger with Evernorth, a company focused on holding and managing XRP.
If approved, the combined entity would trade on Nasdaq under the ticker XRPN and hold more than 470 million XRP. The deal would create one of the few publicly listed vehicles structured around an XRP treasury, giving investors direct equity exposure to XRP holdings through a Nasdaq-listed company.
The DFI token fell 75.92% within a single hour, dropping to $0.000637, according to Coinfomania data.
No cause for the move was identified in available reporting. Sharp single-hour declines of this magnitude are typically associated with low-liquidity tokens, large sell orders, or smart contract exploits, though none of these has been confirmed in this case.